ICA Japan - India 1995

ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION AND REFORESTATION April 1995 - March 1996 Maval Taluka, India Funded by: Japan Environmental Corporation Implemented by: ICA Pune, ICA Japan, and local people
Deforestation is a serious problem in Maharashtra State. ICA has planted some 47,000 multi-purpose trees and 7,100 fruit trees in four villages in the state. We also organized meetings for environmental education and agroforestry training in seven villages. About two hundred men and women jointed the meetings and learned about environmental problems around the world, appropriate use of natural resources and villagersÕ social responsibility for the environment. They also participated in technological seminars, and learned how to properly plant trees in the rock hard soil, apply fertilizer and pesticide, and weed. The villagers have learned how to solve their problems by themselves through the meetings and seminars. We are building an environmental education center for their further understanding of environmental issues.
	1. Youth were an important part of the Agroforestry project and are learning to care for their environment for the 21st Century.
Views of the Afforestation Project
	2. Parithewadi Village, the first village of the Cluster Project. The housing style is simple, but electricity has been available since 1989.
	3. A woman of Kunewadi is walking to her home in the evening carrying firewood on her head for cooking, green fodder under her arms for goats, and a milk carrier in her hand.
	4. The land of the project is rocky and wild. The heavy rains create a lot of small rivers like this which flow only during the monsoon.
Planning and Training Were Essental
	5. A women's leadership training seminar to teach rural village development planning and promote awareness of the afforestation project.
	6. A Bopkhel village planning program.
	7. A village meeting to decide on an animal grazing plan that will protect the young trees from animals.
Several Nurseries Served the Project
	8. A local nursery made for the tree planting.
	9. The nursery after 1 month.
	10. The nursery after 4 months. The seedlings are ready for transplanting.
Land Preparation and Tree Planting
	11. Contours for water and soil conservation.
	12. Land leveling for tree and rice planting.
	13. Women involved in the tree planting project are digging pits for planting seedlings.
	14. Tree seedlings being transported from the nursery to the field.
	15. A tractor hired for transporting tree plants from the nursery to the field.
	16. Tree seedlings have arrived in the afforestation projects in each village.
	17. A woman planting trees in the village of Kune. The pits were filled with soil and some pesticide.
	18. An Acacia seedling being planted in Kune.
	19. Kune village tree planting, with teams divided for work.
	20. During the dry season farmers cut grass from around their mango trees and created this heap of fodder. This is one kind of agroforestry.
	21. The project area during the monsoon season looks green and rich.
	22. Contours made in the plantation area for water and soil conservation.
Technical Consultants Assisted the Project
	23. Mr. Kale, consultant for the tree project, visited the project weekly during the planting work.
	24. Shakuntala Jadhav (ICA India staff), Mr. Subhash (ICA India staff) and Mr. Tabata (ICA Japan staff) talking to people in Kune about the afforestation project and explaining nursery work.
	25. Mr. Chougule from the Agriculture College is a consultant for the afforestation project. Mr. Tabata, Shankar (ICA India staff) and Subhash visited the college.
Many Problems Were Overcome
	26. Free grazing animals damage trees. The community created a penalty system to encourage livestock owners to control their livestock's grazing place.
	27. Some trees planted in 1994 were eaten by animals before the fencing was completed.
	28. These animals are being taken by ICA staff and the local motivator to Kondwada for penalty.
The Large Trees During the Second Year Were Signs of a Success
	29. Cashew nut trees planted in 1994 in Parithewadi Village grew fast because the plot area is fenced, fertilized and watered. Mr. and Mrs. Jadhav of the Pune ICA office are visiting the project.
	30. Mango trees in Kune village are also growing fast. The person wearing the hat is Mr. Gobaru, a supervisor.
	31. On February 27, 1996, representatives from the Japan Environment Center of the Japan Environment Agency visited the Project and were welcomed with big ceremonies and events.
	32. The JEC team (Koshi Yoneda, Shiro Hori, Kojirou Kaga, Shinichi Sakai) and Mr. Tabata from ICA Japan.
	33. All the partners, supporters, and villagers look towards the future.
The Environmental Training Center Conceptual Design
	34. This is an architect's conceptual design of the Environmental Center that will be used to teach people from a wide area about the environment, afforestation, and comprehensive village development. The villagers, ICA staff, and other resource people from partnership organizations will be the staff of this new center. The construction was begun early in 1996 and will be completed by the end of the year.
Multipurpose Wood and Fruit Trees of India Explanation codes: Name (M) : Marathi name (E) : English name (B) : Botanical name Growth: Typical Growth Use: What the tree can be used for Aptitude: How long the tree can survive in the dry season
	35. Name: (M) Chinch; (E) Tamarind; (B) Tamarindus indica Growth: 30 - 40 cm in four months Use: Fruit, Medicine, Poles, Fodder, Ornamental Remarks: This tree is very suitable for dry land but grows very slow. It can be seen in Pune City and along the Bombay-Pune highway.
	36. Name: (M) Bambuu; (E) Bamboo; (B) Bamboua Growth: Full height in one year Use: Poles, Baskets, Erosion Control Remarks: The tree is seen in villages of Maval Taluka.
	37. Name: (M) Amba; (E) Mango; (B) Mangifera indica Growth: 70 cm in three months; finally 10 to 30 meters high Use: Fruit, Timber, Jam, Dry Fruit, Medicine, Fodder Remarks: This tree can be seen everywhere in Pune District.
	38. Name: (M) Neem; (E) Neem (popular name); (B) Azadirachta indica Growth: 35 - 40 cm in four months Use: Timber, Firewood, Medicine Remarks: This tree is originally from India and can survive with very little water. Aptitude: The tree can survive a 5 to 7 month dry season.
	39. Name: (M) Nilgiri; (E) Eucalyptus; (B) Eucalyptus spp Growth: 10 - 20 meter in 3.5 to 5 years Use: Firewood, poles, charcoal, timber, Windbreak, Tannin, Eucalyptus oil Remarks: The tree has good coppicing ability. It coppices up to age 25. It grows in poorly drained and droughty locations. Aptitude: The tree can survive up to an 8 month dry season
	40. Name: (M) Fanas; (E) Jack Fruit; (B) Artocarpas Integrifolia Use: Fruit, Timber, Furniture Remarks: This tree can be seen in the villages of Maval Taluka
	41. Name: (M) Subabhul; (E) ipil ipil (popular name); (B) Leucaena Leucocephala Growth: 30 - 4- cm in four months Use: Fruit, Medicine, Poles, Fodder, Ornamental Remarks: This tree is very suitable for dry land but grows very slow. It can be seen in Pune City and along the Bombay-Pune highway.
	42. Name: (M) Sag; (E) Teak; (B) Tectona Grandis Growth: 35 - 50 cm in four months Use: Timber, Furniture Remarks: Same maintenance as Legume Aptitude: The tree can survive 3 to 6 months of dry season. Big plantations can be seen in Maval Taluka.
	43. Name: (M) Chinch; (E) Tamarind; (B) Tamarindus indica Growth: 30 - 40 cm in four months Use: Fruit, Medicine, Poles, Fodder, Ornamental Remarks: This tree is very suitable for dry land but grows very slow. It can be seen in Pune City and along the Bombay-Pune highway.
	44. Name: (M) Kaju; (E) Cashew; (B) Anacardium Occidentale Growth: 40 - 50 cm in three months; finally 7-8 meter; fruit after 6 years Use: Nut, Oil, Timber, Charcoal, Fodder for bees, Erosion control Aptitude: This tree can survive 4 to 6 months of dry season.

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